教材学习：阅读理解1Bringing Nanotechnology to Health Care for the poor

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Nanotechnology use matter at the level of molecules and atoms.Researchers are finding different uses for particles with a length of one anometer, or one-billionth of a meter. These include things like beauty products and dirt-resistant clothing.But one area where many experts believe nanotechnology holds great promise is medicine.

Last week,speakers at a program in Washington discussed using nanotechnology to improve health care in developing countries. The program took place at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Peter Singer at the University of Toronto says a nanotechnology called quantum dots could be used to confirm cases of malaria. He says it could offer a better way than the traditional process of looking at a person's blood under a microscope.

In poor countries, this process is often not followed. As a result, sick people may get treated for malaria even if they do not have it. Such miuse of medicines can lead to drug resistance. Quantum dots are particles that give off light when activated. Researchers are studying ways to program them to indentify diseases by lighting up in the presece of a targeted molecule.

Experts say nanotechnology shows promise not just for diagnosing diseases,but also for treating them. Piotr Grodzinski of the National Institues of Health talked about how nanotechnology could make drugs more effective.He talked about cancer drugs already developed with nanotechnology , He says if a drug can target a cancer locally in the body, then much less of it might be needed, and that means lower side effects.

Andrew Maynard is chief scientist for the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies at the Woodrow Wilson Center.He noted that Brazil,India,China and South Africa are currently doing nanotechnology research that could help poor countries.But he also noted that there is some risk in using nano-material. He says nanmeter-sized particles behave differently in the body and the environment compared to larger particles.Experts say more investment in research is needed to better understand these risks.

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1. Which of the following uses of nanotechnology is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A To make beauty products and dirt-resistant clothing
B To produce better and lighter building materials
C To help more accurately diagnose disease
D To help more effectively treat diseases.

2. How can quantum dots be used to confirm diseases?
A By traditionally looking at a person's blood under a microscope
B By letting a person take some kind of medicine
C By lighting up in the presence of a targeted molecule
D By subjecting a person to an X-ray examination

3.How can nanotechnology be used to make a drug more effective?
A By making a drug target the focus of a disease
B By changing the struture of the body cells.
C By lowering the side effects caused by a drug
D By letting a patient take a dose as large as possilbe

4. The following developing countries are doing very well scientific research on nanotechnology EXCEPT---
A China
B Brazil
C Iran
D India

5. Which of the following is the possible risk in using nano-materials mentioned in the passage?
A They may cause some damage to the body cells
B They are harmful materials themselves
C They may store in the body
D They may behave differently in the body and the environment.

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